Meaning
Elastomeric copolymers added to rigid thermoplastics serve to improve the impact resistance and flexibility of the final part. The use of ethylene propylene rubber is particularly common in the production of toughened polypropylene for automotive bumpers. This material acts as a discrete phase that absorbs shock energy.
Phase Dispersion
Successful toughening depends on how well the rubber particles are distributed within the rigid polymer matrix. When ethylene propylene rubber is blended with polypropylene, it forms small droplets that stop cracks from propagating through the part. The size of these droplets is controlled by the shearing action during extrusion.
If the droplets are too large, the mechanical properties of the finished part will be inconsistent.
Mechanical Balance
Adding this rubber component increases the elongation at break but typically reduces the overall stiffness of the part. Manufacturers balance the amount of ethylene propylene rubber to achieve the necessary toughness without making the part too soft. This trade-off is central to material selection for structural components.
Processing Viscosity
The presence of rubber modifiers can change the flow characteristics of the melt during injection molding. Because ethylene propylene rubber has a different viscosity than the base resin, the processor may need to adjust the injection pressure or temperature. Consistent blending ensures that the flow remains predictable across different production lots.