Meaning
Chemical terminators found at the ends of polyester or polyamide molecular chains. The concentration of carboxylic acid end groups measures the thermal history and degradation of the resin. Higher counts indicate that the polymer has undergone hydrolysis or oxidative cleavage.
Hydrolysis Resistance
Excess moisture during processing triggers a reaction that breaks the polymer backbone. Measuring carboxylic acid end groups helps processors determine if the resin was dried to the correct dew point before molding. PET with high acidity is more prone to further degradation in later heat cycles.
Material Grade
Virgin resins are manufactured with a specific balance of chain ends to ensure stability. When recycled content is introduced, the level of carboxylic acid end groups typically rises due to the previous processing heat. This change alters the viscosity and mechanical properties of the final part.
This increase reduces the number of times a material can be reprocessed without losing its structural integrity.
Process Indicator
Monitoring the change in end group concentration across a production run provides data on the stability of the extrusion process. If carboxylic acid end groups increase rapidly, it suggests that melt temperatures are too high or residence times are too long. Reducing these groups improves the longevity of the finished product.